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Identity-Preserved Systems: A Reference Handbook
Added 4/4/2008
Dennis Strayer
Identity-Preserved Systems: A Reference Handbook provides background for the development of processes or systems of maintaining the segregation of and documenting the identity of a product. Growers and other parties that handle, transport, condition, or process the identity-preserved (IP) product must follow strict growing and handling practices, including segregation, inspections, and cleaning of equipment to prevent other varieties from mixing with or contaminating the IP variety. The key to this system is traceability. Each production, processing, and delivery step is documented, so that products can be traced from the store shelf back to the farmers' fields and every stage in between.
The need for Identity Preservation (IP) is rapidly becoming of major importance in the world trade of agricultural crops that are enhanced genetically, grown under specific conditions, or have specific characteristics which must be identified and maintained from the seed planted to the delivery of the crop to the end-user. The handbook serves as an authoritative resource that unifies IP efforts, outlines the protocols for IP systems, and includes an operational manual that may be used at any point in the value-chain of the production and marketing effort.
This handbook describes an overall identity-preserved (IP) system, which may be utilized in ways that will meet the particular needs of the parties involved in specific trade agreements. It discusses the background of IP systems originating in the seed industry, the basics of a total IP system, and the potential electronic transfer of data and documents. By using the system of identity-preserved verification provided in Identity-Preserved Systems, the seed, specialty crop, and grain and oilseed industries can easily provide products that are identified with a paper trail verifying identity, product quality, and special characteristics.
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Geological and Soil Evidence: Forensic Applications
Added 4/11/2008
Kenneth Pye
The forensic potential of geological and soil evidence has been recognized for more than a century, but recently these types of evidence are used much more widely as an investigative intelligence tool and as evidence in court. There is, however, still a poor understanding of the potential value and the limitations of geological and soil evidence among the forensic science and wider legal communities.
Geological and Soil Evidence: Forensic Applications provides an authoritative introduction to the nature and properties of geological and soil materials that may be used as trace evidence and the techniques used to analyze and evaluate them. It emphasizes the use of geoscience in forensic analyses, including geophysical, meteorological, and geomorphological data. This inclusive book covers material types and analytical strategies used in examining both the common components of geological evidence, such as rocks, dusts, minerals, spores, and microfossils, as well as anthropogenic particles like pottery and brick. It instructs on particle characterization based on physical, chemical, and mineralogical traits such as color, shape, density, and elemental and isotopic composition. It also explains sampling and handling procedures particular to criminalistics and introduces analysis, evaluation, and decision-making practices based on statistical significance and the weighing of different types of evidence. Discussions of basic principles are supported and enhanced with numerous case studies that tie methods of analysis to specific forensic applications. Examples are drawn from the author's own experience as well as the wider scientific literature.
Accessible enough for readers with limited scientific knowledge and informative enough for scientists interested in forensic applications, Geological and Soil Evidence: Forensic Applications is a comprehensive reference for the current knowledge of forensic geology and soil science.
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Soil Classification: A Global Desk Reference
Added 4/14/2008
Hari Eswaran, Robert Ahrens, Thomas Rice, Bobby Stewart
Developments in soil classification have accompanied parallel progress in our understanding of the soil system. However the theories behind the classifications and the purposes for which they were created have changed over time. The editors hope that this comprehensive synthesis will help to rally soil scientists around the world to develop an acceptable classification system for soils. It is only when the global soil science community agrees to such a system that we can truly say that we have science.
Soil Classification: A Global Desk Reference is the first book to illustrate the current state of national and international soil classification systems. In this groundbreaking reference, distinguished soil scientists, many of whom were involved in the design of their respective national or international systems, evaluate developments in soil classification during the last century. They review the concepts, practices, and goals that led to the creation of individual classification systems and recommend modifications to classification systems to meet new demands. The documentation in this book serves as a foundation for the revision of existing soil taxonomies and the creation of new ones.
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Natural Attenuation of Trace Element Availability in Soils
Added 6/6/2008
Rebecca Hamon, Mike McLaughlin, Enzo Lombi
Understanding attenuation processes is important not only for predicting the behavior of contaminants in soil and formulating remediation strategies, but also for mitigating and enhancing the availability of micronutrients in soil for agricultural applications. Natural Attenuation of Trace Element Availability in Soils brings together pioneering researchers who discuss their cutting-edge work in this area.
The first chapters focus on practical analytical techniques for the measurement and the biological assessment of natural attenuation of trace elements. The following chapters analyze the processes that occur in the natural attenuation of contaminants and nutrients, covering the structural dynamics of mineral surfaces, partitioning, diffusion, fixation, biological and redox processes, and the reversibility of these processes. The remaining chapters consider the impact and implications of natural attenuation in terms of risk assessment, remediation of inorganic contaminants, and bioavailability of essential nutrients.
Offering a concise, well-rounded perspective, Natural Attenuation of Trace Element Availability in Soils demonstrates how attenuation processes can significantly impact strategies for soil remediation and serve as a basis for environmental regulations.
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Unsaturated Soils Advances in Testing, Modelling and Engineering Applications Proceedings of the second international workshop on unsaturated soils, 23-25 June 2004, Anacapri, Italy
Added 6/6/2008
Claudio Mancuso, Alessandro Tarantino
This meeting was organized by the Department of Geotechnical Engineering of the University of Naples Federico II and the Department of Mechanical and Structural Engineering of the University of Trento. Postgraduate and postdoctoral researchers from different universities were invited to present their work. Speakers were encouraged to discuss at length the benefits of as well as the drawbacks and problems relating to their scientific work. This book contains peer-reviewed paper on unsaturated soils. Contributions focus particularly on new developments in laboratory testing, experimental data on compacted and natural soils, and constitutive and numerical modeling of unsaturated soil behavior.
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Soil Analysis in Forensic Taphonomy: Chemical and Biological Effects of Buried Human Remains
Added 7/18/2008
Mark Tibbett, David Carter
A burial environment is a complex and dynamic system. It plays host to an abundance of interdependent chemical, physical, and biological processes, which are greatly influenced by the inclusion of a body and its subsequent decay. However, while taphonomy continues to emerge as a valuable forensic tool, until now most of the attention has been on the cadaver rather than the grave itself.
Soil Analysis in Forensic Taphonomy: Chemical and Biological Effects of Buried Human Remains is the first book to concentrate entirely on the telling impact of soil and its components on the postmortem fate of human remains. Examining the basic physicochemical composition of the soil as it relates to forensic science and taphonomy, leading experts from across the world
· Offer an introduction to the nature, distribution, and origin of soil materials in forensic comparisons · Discuss the action of biological soil components, including invertebrates, fungi, and bacteria · Address rates and processes of decomposition and time of death estimates · Detail methods for characterizing and fingerprinting soils · Provide extensive information on the decomposition of hair Edited by Mark Tibbett, a soil microbiologist and David Carter, a forensic scientist, this unique resourceprovides an up-to-date overview of fundamental scientific principles and methods used in forensic taphonomy from a soils-based perspective. It provides an understanding of the processes at work, as well as practical methods and advice for those involved with active investigation.
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Forest Sampling Desk Reference
Added 7/18/2008
Evert Johnson
Should damaged trees be clear cut and replanted or allowed to recover naturally? Is the deer herd large enough to survive hunting pressure? Managing forest resources entails numerous decisions. Making these decisions intelligently requires sound information about the resource in question. Ideally, assessments should be based on the entire population involved. However, the costs in time and money often prevent this, and evaluations - or sampling - are done on a small portion of the whole.
The most complete treatment of systematic sampling in one volume, Forest Sampling Desk Reference explains the uses and limitations of individual sampling designs in forest inventory operations. This text contains detailed derivations of the most commonly used statistical methods in forestry. It provides examples that highlight the statistical methods.
The author covers probability and probability distributions and the development of logical regression models. The text discusses systematic sampling, describing its benefits and shortcomings in detail. It provides an in depth examination of the controversial 3-P sampling procedure.
The validity and strength of sampling results vary from option to option, along with their costs in terms of money and time. Before selecting a sampling procedure you need to know their strengths and weaknesses in relation to their expense. Forest Sampling Desk Reference supplies the background necessary for making these decisions.
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Agroecosystem Sustainability: Developing Practical Strategies
Added 7/18/2008
Stephen Gliessman
Agroecologists from around the world share their experiences in the analysis and development of indicators of agricultural sustainability in Agroecosystem Sustainability: Developing Practical Strategies. The authors build on the resource-conserving aspects of traditional, local, and small-scale agriculture while at the same time drawing on modern ecological knowledge and methods. They define the relationship between agroecology and sustainable development.
Leading researchers present case studies that attempt to determine 1) if a particular agricultural practice, input, or management decision is sustainable, and 2) what is the ecological basis for the functioning of the chosen management strategy over the long term. They discuss common findings, define the future role of agroecology, and explore strategies for helping farmers make the transition to sustainable farming systems.
Preserving the productivity of agricultural land over the long term requires sustainable food production. Agroecosystem Sustainability: Developing Practical Strategies covers topics that range from management practices specific to a particular region to more global efforts to develop sets of indicators of sustainability. It links social and ecological indicators of sustainability. From this foundation we can move towards the social and economic changes that promote sustainability in all sectors of the food system.
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Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere
Added 7/18/2008
George Gobran, Walter Wenzel, Enzo Lombi
The first book devoted to the complex interactions between trace elements, soils, plants, and microorganisms in the rhizosphere, Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere brings together the experimental, investigative, and modeling branches of rhizosphere research. Written by an international team of authors, it provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and fate of trace elements in the rhizosphere and the application of this information to phytoremediation technologies and sustainable agriculture and forestry.
With ecological and environmental issues moving to the forefront, the focus of rhizosphere research has increasingly shifted to studying the effect of plant-microbial association on the bioavailability, uptake, and transformation of inorganic and organic contaminants in soils. Contaminant-rhizosphere interactions have attracted renewed attention as plants have been proposed for use in the remediation of contaminated soils. Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere provides an in-depth look at rhizosphere processes and leads the way to further understanding and developments in this field.
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Environmental Restoration of Metals-Contaminated Soils
Added 8/15/2008
I.K. Iskandar
Written by a multidisciplinary group of scientists from around the globe Environmental Restoration of Metals-Contaminated Soils provides a summary of the current environmental remediation technology.
Topics include:
o Physical-Chemical processes for in situ remediation by adding amendments for stabilization
o The mechanics of metal retention and release from soils
o Chemical remediation method for soil contaminated with CD and Pb
o The effect of soil pH on the distribution of metals among soil fractions
o Physical and electrical separation methods for soil remediation
o Relationship between the phytoavailability and the extractability of heavy metals
o An overview on environmental restoration of Se-contaminated soils
o Trace elements in the soil-plant system under tropical environment
o The process of metal removal by chelation using amino acids
o The effects of natural zeolelite and bentonite on the phytoavailability of heavy metals
o Metal uptake by agricultural crops from sewage-sludge treated soils
In many cases an integrated approach to the remediation of metals contaminated soil yields the best results. Environmental Restoration of Metals-Contaminated Soils explores the emerging issues of the biogeochemistry of trace elements in the environment and provides an approach combining elements from biology, geochemistry, hydrology, and soil physics and chemistry.
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Handbook of New Technologies for Genetic Improvement of Legumes
Added 8/26/2008
P. Kirti
A comprehensive and groundbreaking collection of ideas for plant improvement Most of the worlds supply of legumes is cultivated under adverse conditions that make this commercially important crop susceptible to the vagaries of nature and damaging stresses. Genetic manipulation has become a proven way for cultivators to battle these problems; but there has been a lack of reliable information on the practical aspects of this promising method. Handbook of New Technologies for Genetic Improvement of Legumes fills this void by providing a vast array of groundbreaking essays from some of the disciplines most renowned experts. This unique collection is your single source for not only the most up-to-date accounts of genetic manipulation employed today, but also ideas for realistic and practical uses. Comprehensive in its approach, Handbook of New Technologies for Genetic Improvement of Legumes presents the latest research on all aspects of genetically modified legume production. With contributions from over 90 international experts, this eye-opening resource offers an in-depth exploration of key topics such as, genetic transformation technology, suppression-subtractive hybridization, c-DNA micro arrays, molecular mapping, tagging regulatory elements, and real-time PCR. Additionally, this text features a wealth of detailed references and informative tables to clearly explain pertinent data. Chapters in Handbook of New Technologies for Genetic Improvement of Legumes detail both family- and species-specific topics such as: agrobacterium-mediated transformation in trifolium and medicago biotechnological approaches to soybean improvement transgenic approaches for enhancement of vitamin E particle bombardment and SAAT approaches agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and in vitro regeneration plant regeneration via organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, and protoplast culture somaclonal variation and its exploitation cotyledonary node and embryo axes as explants in planta transformation of pisum sativum l. de novo regeneration protocol reverse genetic approaches in medicago truncatula tagging regulatory elements in plants gene expression analysis with DNA array technology advent of diverse DNA markers to decipher genome sequence polymorphism defensins in legumes legume-nematode interaction with reference to model legumes and much, much more! Handbook of New Technologies for Genetic Improvement of Legumes is an invaluable resource for researchers and educators in the area of plant genetic manipulation and plant biotechnology as well as scientists, educators, and graduate students focusing on the genetic manipulation of legumes.
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Handbook of Agricultural Geophysics
Added 8/26/2008
Barry Allred, Jeffrey Daniels, Mohammad Reza Ehsani
Precision farming, site infrastructure assessment, hydrologic monitoring, and environmental investigations these are just a few current and potential uses of near-surface geophysical methods in agriculture. Responding to the growing demand for this technology, the Handbook of Agricultural Geophysics supplies a clear, concise overview of near-surface geophysical methods that can be used in agriculture and provides detailed descriptions of situations in which these techniques have been employed.
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Rice Improvement in the Genomics Era
Added 9/15/2008
Swapan Datta
Rice is probably the most important food crop in the world, feeding half its population. Rice Improvement in the Genomics Era examines the findings in the current studies of rice improvement, using the modern genomic tools available in todays agriculture to better enable food security and human welfare. This comprehensive text describes in detail the latest tools of genomics and the application of biotechnology to improve this crucial food crop that is the most important staple of developing countries. Top respected experts in rice science and genomics offer the latest in cutting-edge science and research based on genome sequencing, gene technology, and molecular biology. Rice Improvement in the Genomics Era provides a wide range of information essential to any professional concerned with food safety, security, and sustainability. This valuable source comprehensively and accurately describes rice science from the basics of modern genomics on up to the application of biotechnology. This text is extensively referenced, and includes photographs, tables, graphs, and figures to clearly present information. Topics discussed include: rice genome sequencing project and its impact gene expression using microarray system haploid breeding hybrid rice technology Bt and disease resistance abiotic stress tolerance ensuring rice quality genetically improved nutrition in rice human milk proteins in rice grains food safety of transgenic crops and much more! Rice Improvement in the Genomics Era is an informative resource for educators, students, rice scientists, rice breeders, plant biotechnologists, researchers, and policymakers in agricultural sciences, rice improvement, and biotechnology. This source is a crucial addition to agricultural institutions, libraries, and teaching organizations.
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Soils in the Humid Tropics and Monsoon Region of Indonesia
Added 9/15/2008
Kim Tan
Highlighting the vast differences in tropical climate, from hot and humid to cool and arctic, Soils in the Humid Tropics and Monsoon Region of Indonesia explores the climate, soil zones, and altitudinal variation in soil formation. The author explores the changes in geomorphology, especially in climate and vegetation above sea level, that have yielded zones of different soils. The book makes accessible hard-to-find information translated from Dutch archives. Informally divided into two parts, it begins with coverage of the development of soil science in Indonesia. The author reviews the geography and geomorphology of the archipelago, climate, vegetation, and mineralization and humification processes as factors of soil formation. The second part examines the major soils, their genesis, properties, taxonomy, land use, and evaluation. The discussion moves from lowlands, to uplands, then mountains, and concludes with andosols found in the mountains as well as in the lowlands. Focused and timely, this book knits new knowledge with old but important information that has been previously difficult to access. These features and more make it an important resource in this field.
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